subr_disk.c

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/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Beerware
 *
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * "THE BEER-WARE LICENSE" (Revision 42):
 * <phk@FreeBSD.ORG> wrote this file.  As long as you retain this notice you
 * can do whatever you want with this stuff. If we meet some day, and you think
 * this stuff is worth it, you can buy me a beer in return.   Poul-Henning Kamp
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * The bioq_disksort() (and the specification of the bioq API)
 * have been written by Luigi Rizzo and Fabio Checconi under the same
 * license as above.
 */
 
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
 
#include "opt_geom.h"
 
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/bio.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <geom/geom_disk.h>
 
static int bioq_batchsize = 128;
SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bioq_batchsize, CTLFLAG_RW,
    &bioq_batchsize, 0, "BIOQ batch size");
 
/*-
 * Disk error is the preface to plaintive error messages
 * about failing disk transfers.  It prints messages of the form
 *      "hp0g: BLABLABLA cmd=read fsbn 12345 of 12344-12347"
 * blkdone should be -1 if the position of the error is unknown.
 * The message is printed with printf.
 */
void
disk_err(struct bio *bp, const char *what, int blkdone, int nl)
{
        daddr_t sn;
 
        if (bp->bio_dev != NULL)
                printf("%s: %s ", devtoname(bp->bio_dev), what);
        else if (bp->bio_disk != NULL)
                printf("%s%d: %s ",
                    bp->bio_disk->d_name, bp->bio_disk->d_unit, what);
        else
                printf("disk??: %s ", what);
        switch(bp->bio_cmd) {
        case BIO_READ:          printf("cmd=read "); break;
        case BIO_WRITE:         printf("cmd=write "); break;
        case BIO_DELETE:        printf("cmd=delete "); break;
        case BIO_GETATTR:       printf("cmd=getattr "); break;
        case BIO_FLUSH:         printf("cmd=flush "); break;
        default:                printf("cmd=%x ", bp->bio_cmd); break;
        }
        sn = bp->bio_pblkno;
        if (bp->bio_bcount <= DEV_BSIZE) {
                printf("fsbn %jd%s", (intmax_t)sn, nl ? "\n" : "");
                return;
        }
        if (blkdone >= 0) {
                sn += blkdone;
                printf("fsbn %jd of ", (intmax_t)sn);
        }
        printf("%jd-%jd", (intmax_t)bp->bio_pblkno,
            (intmax_t)(bp->bio_pblkno + (bp->bio_bcount - 1) / DEV_BSIZE));
        if (nl)
                printf("\n");
}
 
/*
 * BIO queue implementation
 *
 * Please read carefully the description below before making any change
 * to the code, or you might change the behaviour of the data structure
 * in undesirable ways.
 *
 * A bioq stores disk I/O request (bio), normally sorted according to
 * the distance of the requested position (bio->bio_offset) from the
 * current head position (bioq->last_offset) in the scan direction, i.e.
 *
 *      (uoff_t)(bio_offset - last_offset)
 *
 * Note that the cast to unsigned (uoff_t) is fundamental to insure
 * that the distance is computed in the scan direction.
 *
 * The main methods for manipulating the bioq are:
 *
 *   bioq_disksort()    performs an ordered insertion;
 *
 *   bioq_first()       return the head of the queue, without removing;
 *
 *   bioq_takefirst()   return and remove the head of the queue,
 *              updating the 'current head position' as
 *              bioq->last_offset = bio->bio_offset + bio->bio_length;
 *
 * When updating the 'current head position', we assume that the result of
 * bioq_takefirst() is dispatched to the device, so bioq->last_offset
 * represents the head position once the request is complete.
 *
 * If the bioq is manipulated using only the above calls, it starts
 * with a sorted sequence of requests with bio_offset >= last_offset,
 * possibly followed by another sorted sequence of requests with
 * 0 <= bio_offset < bioq->last_offset 
 *
 * NOTE: historical behaviour was to ignore bio->bio_length in the
 *      update, but its use tracks the head position in a better way.
 *      Historical behaviour was also to update the head position when
 *      the request under service is complete, rather than when the
 *      request is extracted from the queue. However, the current API
 *      has no method to update the head position; secondly, once
 *      a request has been submitted to the disk, we have no idea of
 *      the actual head position, so the final one is our best guess.
 *
 * --- Direct queue manipulation ---
 *
 * A bioq uses an underlying TAILQ to store requests, so we also
 * export methods to manipulate the TAILQ, in particular:
 *
 * bioq_insert_tail()   insert an entry at the end.
 *              It also creates a 'barrier' so all subsequent
 *              insertions through bioq_disksort() will end up
 *              after this entry;
 *
 * bioq_insert_head()   insert an entry at the head, update
 *              bioq->last_offset = bio->bio_offset so that
 *              all subsequent insertions through bioq_disksort()
 *              will end up after this entry;
 *
 * bioq_remove()        remove a generic element from the queue, act as
 *              bioq_takefirst() if invoked on the head of the queue.
 *
 * The semantic of these methods is the same as the operations
 * on the underlying TAILQ, but with additional guarantees on
 * subsequent bioq_disksort() calls. E.g. bioq_insert_tail()
 * can be useful for making sure that all previous ops are flushed
 * to disk before continuing.
 *
 * Updating bioq->last_offset on a bioq_insert_head() guarantees
 * that the bio inserted with the last bioq_insert_head() will stay
 * at the head of the queue even after subsequent bioq_disksort().
 *
 * Note that when the direct queue manipulation functions are used,
 * the queue may contain multiple inversion points (i.e. more than
 * two sorted sequences of requests).
 *
 */
 
void
bioq_init(struct bio_queue_head *head)
{
 
        TAILQ_INIT(&head->queue);
        head->last_offset = 0;
        head->insert_point = NULL;
        head->total = 0;
        head->batched = 0;
}
 
void
bioq_remove(struct bio_queue_head *head, struct bio *bp)
{
 
        if (head->insert_point == NULL) {
                if (bp == TAILQ_FIRST(&head->queue))
                        head->last_offset = bp->bio_offset + bp->bio_length;
        } else if (bp == head->insert_point)
                head->insert_point = NULL;
 
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&head->queue, bp, bio_queue);
        if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&head->queue))
                head->batched = 0;
        head->total--;
}
 
void
bioq_flush(struct bio_queue_head *head, struct devstat *stp, int error)
{
        struct bio *bp;
 
        while ((bp = bioq_takefirst(head)) != NULL)
                biofinish(bp, stp, error);
}
 
void
bioq_insert_head(struct bio_queue_head *head, struct bio *bp)
{
 
        if (head->insert_point == NULL)
                head->last_offset = bp->bio_offset;
        TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&head->queue, bp, bio_queue);
        head->total++;
        head->batched = 0;
}
 
void
bioq_insert_tail(struct bio_queue_head *head, struct bio *bp)
{
 
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&head->queue, bp, bio_queue);
        head->total++;
        head->batched = 0;
        head->insert_point = bp;
        head->last_offset = bp->bio_offset;
}
 
struct bio *
bioq_first(struct bio_queue_head *head)
{
 
        return (TAILQ_FIRST(&head->queue));
}
 
struct bio *
bioq_takefirst(struct bio_queue_head *head)
{
        struct bio *bp;
 
        bp = TAILQ_FIRST(&head->queue);
        if (bp != NULL)
                bioq_remove(head, bp);
        return (bp);
}
 
/*
 * Compute the sorting key. The cast to unsigned is
 * fundamental for correctness, see the description
 * near the beginning of the file.
 */
static inline uoff_t
bioq_bio_key(struct bio_queue_head *head, struct bio *bp)
{
 
        return ((uoff_t)(bp->bio_offset - head->last_offset));
}
 
/*
 * Seek sort for disks.
 *
 * Sort all requests in a single queue while keeping
 * track of the current position of the disk with last_offset.
 * See above for details.
 */
void
bioq_disksort(struct bio_queue_head *head, struct bio *bp)
{
        struct bio *cur, *prev;
        uoff_t key;
 
        if ((bp->bio_flags & BIO_ORDERED) != 0) {
                /*
                 * Ordered transactions can only be dispatched
                 * after any currently queued transactions.  They
                 * also have barrier semantics - no transactions
                 * queued in the future can pass them.
                 */
                bioq_insert_tail(head, bp);
                return;
        }
 
        /*
         * We should only sort requests of types that have concept of offset.
         * Other types, such as BIO_FLUSH or BIO_ZONE, may imply some degree
         * of ordering even if strict ordering is not requested explicitly.
         */
        if (bp->bio_cmd != BIO_READ && bp->bio_cmd != BIO_WRITE &&
            bp->bio_cmd != BIO_DELETE) {
                bioq_insert_tail(head, bp);
                return;
        }
 
        if (bioq_batchsize > 0 && head->batched > bioq_batchsize) {
                bioq_insert_tail(head, bp);
                return;
        }
 
        prev = NULL;
        key = bioq_bio_key(head, bp);
        cur = TAILQ_FIRST(&head->queue);
 
        if (head->insert_point) {
                prev = head->insert_point;
                cur = TAILQ_NEXT(head->insert_point, bio_queue);
        }
 
        while (cur != NULL && key >= bioq_bio_key(head, cur)) {
                prev = cur;
                cur = TAILQ_NEXT(cur, bio_queue);
        }
 
        if (prev == NULL)
                TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&head->queue, bp, bio_queue);
        else
                TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&head->queue, prev, bp, bio_queue);
        head->total++;
        head->batched++;
}